SPEROWSPEROW
Reviewed ByDr. Mohd Ateequrrahman

  • Procedure Name

    CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting)

  • Surgical Specialty

    Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery (CTVS)

  • Clinical Department

    Cardiothoracic Surgery / Interventional Cardiology

  • Operative Duration

    3 to 6 hours (dependent on anatomical complexity and number of conduits)

  • Hospital Stay

    5 to 8 days (typically including 1 to 2 days in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit)

  • Recovery Timeline

    6 to 8 weeks for sternal bone consolidation; 3 months for full physical rehabilitation

  • Anesthesia

    General endotracheal anesthesia with invasive hemodynamic monitoring

  • Insurance Coverage

    Fully covered under major health insurance plans, TPA networks, and tertiary cashless schemes

  • Estimated Cost (India)

    ₹2,50,000 to ₹6,50,000 (varies by technique, conduit choice, room category, and ICU stay)

  • Procedural Survival Rate

    >97–98% for elective, low-to-moderate risk cases (stratified via STS / EuroSCORE II risk calculators)

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Clinical Indications and Warning Symptoms

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is indicated for patients with critical luminal stenosis of the coronary arteries where myocardial perfusion is severely compromised. Symptoms range from exertional angina to acute coronary syndromes:

  • Angina Pectoris: Substernal chest pressure, constriction, or heaviness, frequently triggered by exertion or emotional stress and relieved by rest or sublingual nitroglycerin.
  • Radiation of Ischemic Pain: Discomfort referred to the left shoulder, inner arm, neck, jaw, epigastrium, or interscapular region.
  • Angina Equivalents: Unexplained dyspnea on exertion, diaphoresis, acute lightheadedness, or profound fatigue (frequently seen in diabetic and female patients).
  • Silent Myocardial Ischemia: Severe multivessel coronary obstruction without overt symptoms, often identified during non-invasive stress testing or cardiac catheterization.
  • Refractory Symptoms: Persistent ischemic symptoms despite optimal guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) or after failed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).